Introduction Aging brings gradual changes to male reproductive function, hormonal balance, and sexual performance. Preventive andrology focuses on maintaining health, independence, and quality of life through early detection and proactive management. Age-Related Reproductive Changes Common age-related changes include declining testosterone lev

Introduction Sexual health is an integral component of male quality of life and interpersonal relationships. Sexual dysfunction affects men of all ages and often has profound psychological and social consequences. Andrology addresses sexual disorders through comprehensive medical, psychological, and behavioral assessment. Types of Male Sexual D

Introduction Hormonal regulation is a fundamental aspect of male reproductive health and overall physiological function. Testosterone, the primary male androgen, influences spermatogenesis, libido, muscle mass, bone density, metabolic processes, and psychological well-being. Andrology places significant emphasis on the assessment and management of

Introduction Male infertility is a global health concern affecting millions of couples worldwide. Epidemiological studies indicate that male factors contribute to nearly half of all infertility cases. Despite this prevalence, male infertility is frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated due to cultural stigma, misinformation, and delayed medical

Introduction Andrology is a specialized branch of medical science that focuses on male reproductive health, sexual function, and hormonal regulation. While gynecology has long been recognized as a fundamental medical discipline for women, andrology has historically received less attention despite the significant prevalence of male reproductive and